SELECT 
  cscart_products.* 
FROM 
  cscart_products 
WHERE 
  cscart_products.product_id IN (
    1582, 1583, 1514, 1584, 1585, 1579, 1587, 
    1588, 1589, 1590, 1591, 1593
  )

Query time 0.00086

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_products",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "3",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id"],
      "rows": 12,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_products.product_id in (1582,1583,1514,1584,1585,1579,1587,1588,1589,1590,1591,1593)"
    }
  }
}