SELECT 
  cscart_products.* 
FROM 
  cscart_products 
WHERE 
  cscart_products.product_id IN (
    276, 277, 278, 279, 280, 281, 282, 283, 
    284, 285, 286, 287
  )

Query time 0.00090

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_products",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "3",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id"],
      "rows": 12,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_products.product_id in (276,277,278,279,280,281,282,283,284,285,286,287)"
    }
  }
}