SELECT 
  cscart_products.* 
FROM 
  cscart_products 
WHERE 
  cscart_products.product_id IN (
    24, 23, 1255, 1259, 1214, 1258, 1257, 
    1192, 1189, 1254, 1253, 1252
  )

Query time 0.00085

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_products",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "3",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id"],
      "rows": 12,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_products.product_id in (24,23,1255,1259,1214,1258,1257,1192,1189,1254,1253,1252)"
    }
  }
}