SELECT 
  cscart_ult_product_descriptions.product_id, 
  cscart_ult_product_descriptions.short_description, 
  IF(
    cscart_ult_product_descriptions.short_description = "", 
    cscart_ult_product_descriptions.full_description, 
    ""
  ) AS full_description, 
  cscart_ult_product_descriptions.meta_keywords, 
  cscart_ult_product_descriptions.meta_description, 
  cscart_ult_product_descriptions.search_words, 
  cscart_ult_product_descriptions.promo_text 
FROM 
  cscart_ult_product_descriptions 
WHERE 
  cscart_ult_product_descriptions.product_id IN (
    1237, 271, 1009, 264, 725, 250, 266, 235, 
    873, 872, 875, 874, 666, 300, 669, 664, 
    309, 287, 288, 668, 667, 308, 662, 663
  ) 
  AND cscart_ult_product_descriptions.company_id = 1 
  AND cscart_ult_product_descriptions.lang_code = 'en'

Query time 0.00106

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_ult_product_descriptions",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "product_id", "company_id"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "13",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id", "lang_code", "company_id"],
      "rows": 24,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_ult_product_descriptions.company_id = 1 and cscart_ult_product_descriptions.product_id in (1237,271,1009,264,725,250,266,235,873,872,875,874,666,300,669,664,309,287,288,668,667,308,662,663) and cscart_ult_product_descriptions.lang_code = 'en'"
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id short_description full_description meta_keywords meta_description search_words promo_text
235
250
264
266
271
287
288
300
308
309
662
663
664
666
667
668
669
725
872
873
874
875
1009
1237