SELECT 
  cscart_products.* 
FROM 
  cscart_products 
WHERE 
  cscart_products.product_id IN (
    1030, 1437, 1780, 1031, 807, 1487, 806, 
    1032, 1033, 1470, 370, 1573
  )

Query time 0.00093

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_products",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "3",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id"],
      "rows": 12,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_products.product_id in (1030,1437,1780,1031,807,1487,806,1032,1033,1470,370,1573)"
    }
  }
}