SELECT 
  cscart_products.* 
FROM 
  cscart_products 
WHERE 
  cscart_products.product_id IN (
    1431, 360, 1479, 1478, 414, 1866, 1427, 
    788, 1084, 1407, 1903, 1452
  )

Query time 0.00090

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_products",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "3",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id"],
      "rows": 12,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_products.product_id in (1431,360,1479,1478,414,1866,1427,788,1084,1407,1903,1452)"
    }
  }
}