SELECT 
  cscart_products.* 
FROM 
  cscart_products 
WHERE 
  cscart_products.product_id IN (
    1690, 1729, 1637, 1731, 1636, 1638, 1639, 
    1629, 1631, 1630, 1622, 1615
  )

Query time 0.00084

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_products",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "3",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id"],
      "rows": 12,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_products.product_id in (1690,1729,1637,1731,1636,1638,1639,1629,1631,1630,1622,1615)"
    }
  }
}