SELECT 
  cscart_product_descriptions.product_id, 
  cscart_product_descriptions.short_description, 
  IF(
    cscart_product_descriptions.short_description = '' 
    OR cscart_product_descriptions.short_description IS NULL, 
    cscart_product_descriptions.full_description, 
    ''
  ) AS full_description, 
  cscart_product_descriptions.meta_keywords, 
  cscart_product_descriptions.meta_description, 
  cscart_product_descriptions.search_words, 
  cscart_product_descriptions.promo_text, 
  cscart_product_descriptions.unit_name 
FROM 
  cscart_product_descriptions 
WHERE 
  cscart_product_descriptions.product_id IN (
    1839, 1838, 1837, 1836, 1820, 1819, 1817, 
    1835, 1818, 1815, 1834, 1833
  ) 
  AND cscart_product_descriptions.lang_code = 'ja'

Query time 0.00070

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_product_descriptions",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "product_id"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "9",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id", "lang_code"],
      "rows": 12,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_product_descriptions.product_id in (1839,1838,1837,1836,1820,1819,1817,1835,1818,1815,1834,1833) and cscart_product_descriptions.lang_code = 'ja'"
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id short_description full_description meta_keywords meta_description search_words promo_text unit_name
1815
1817
1818
1819
1820
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839