SELECT 
  cscart_products.* 
FROM 
  cscart_products 
WHERE 
  cscart_products.product_id IN (
    1768, 1710, 1954, 1953, 1730, 1686, 1593, 
    1594, 1616, 1773, 1701, 1584
  )

Query time 0.00082

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_products",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "3",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id"],
      "rows": 12,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_products.product_id in (1768,1710,1954,1953,1730,1686,1593,1594,1616,1773,1701,1584)"
    }
  }
}