SELECT 
  cscart_products.* 
FROM 
  cscart_products 
WHERE 
  cscart_products.product_id IN (
    1389, 1188, 1190, 1209, 1186, 1852, 1456, 
    1457, 1045, 1046, 1187, 1577
  )

Query time 0.00087

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_products",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "3",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id"],
      "rows": 12,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_products.product_id in (1389,1188,1190,1209,1186,1852,1456,1457,1045,1046,1187,1577)"
    }
  }
}